Computer, telecommunication standards, storage

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Yubikey is a device that acts as a USB keyboard and provides secure authentification by a one-time password algorithm. The Yubikey is what is known as a security token The device is created by a company called Yubico. The device creates a 128 bit string of characters that acts as a password. This device draws power from the USB przystań and does not contain batteries or use other power supplies.

Yubikey identifies itself to the PC as a USB “keyboard” device. This eliminates the need for software with this device.

Yubico donates its cryptographic algorithms and software to the open source community. Since April 2008 there has been a vibrant developer community contributing their own work around Yubikey.

Contents

• 1 Operation
• 2 Criticism
• 3 See Also
• 4 References

//

Operation

When the Yubikey is plugged in to the USB slot in the computer, it can be programmed to automatically log into a pre-designated site. To enter in the Yubikey’s password, the user puts their finger over the button and the device enters in the password. Currently, only certain sites can be logged in using the Yubikey. This device differs from other security tokens such as the SecurID due to the fact that this sprzęt interacts with the computer rather than just displaying a new password. Both tokens share some basic features such as One-time password.

Criticism

The zagadnienie with Yubikey is that unlike many of the other security tokens, this one has not przebój the main stream sklep wielkopowierzchniowy. Thus, many are hesitant to use this device in place of the more widely tested and accepted counterparts. Other tokens have been used in the business world for a longer time and have a much greater rapport.

Another criticism of Yubikey is that many computers, or mobile devices, may not have USB ports readily accessible by the user.

See Also

• one-time password
• security token

References

• Yubico.com
• The Yubikey open source community
• Why some web sites adopt Yubikey as a login device?
• Applications supporting Yubikey

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yubikey”
Categories: Computer securityHidden category: Articles with topics of unclear notability from August 2008

The Pwnie Awards recognize both extreme excellence and incompetence in the field of information security. Winners are selected by a committee of security industry luminaries from nominations collected from the information security community. The awards are presented yearly at the BlackHat Security Conference.

Contents

• 1 Origins
• 2 History
• 3 Categories
• 4 Previous Winners
  • 4.1 2008
  • 4.2 2007
• 5 External links

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Origins

The name Pwnie Award is based on the word ‘pwn’, which is hacker-slang meaning “to compromise” or to “control” based on the previous usage of the word “own” (and it is pronounced similarly). The name “The Pwnie Awards” is meant to sound like The Tony Awards, an awards ceremony for Broadway Threater in New York City.

History

The Pwnie Awards were founded in 2007 by Alexander Sotirov and Dino Dai Zovi following discussions regarding Dino’s discovery of a cross-platform QuickTime vulnerability and Alexander’s discovery of an ANI file processing vulnerability in Net Explorer.

Categories

As of 2008, Pwnies are awarded in the following categories:

• Best Client-Side Bug
• Best Server-Side Bug
• Most Innovative Research
• Most Overhyped Bug
• Mass 0wnage, or the bug that has been exploited most frequently in the wild.
• Lamest Vendor Response
• Best Song
• Most Epic Fail
• Lifetime Achievement Award

Previous Winners

2008

Best Server-Side Bug: Windows IGMP Kernel Vulnerability (CVE-2008-0069)
Best Client-Side Bug: Multiple URL protocol handling flaws
Mass 0wnage: An unbelievable number of WordPress vulnerabilities
Most Innovative Research: Lest We Remember: Cold Boot Attacks on Encryption Keys
Lamest Vendor Response: McAfee’s “Hacker Safe” certification program
Most Overhyped Bug: Dan Kaminsky’s DNS Cache Poisoning Vulnerability (CVE-2008-1447)
Best Song: Packin’ the K! by Kaspersky Labs
Most Epic Fail: Debian’s flawed OpenSSL Implementation (CVE-2008-0166)
Lifetime Achievement Award: Tim Newsham

2007

External links

• The Pwnie Awards

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwnie_award”
Categories: Computer security

In computer science, a loop variant is a function from the state space of a computer oprogramowanie to a well-founded set having the property that each iteration of a loop strictly decreases its value.

A loop variant is used to prove the termination of a while loop in a computer oprogramowanie by well-founded induction.

 This formal methods-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

References

1. ^ Glynn Winskel. The Formal Semantics of Programming Languages: An Introduction. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993.

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_variant”
Categories: Formal methods stubs | Formal methods | Computer science

In OOP supported languages, container ship means an object is created within another object.

For Example in C++:

class A
{
int a;
}x;

class B
{
A y; // All the prekluzja members and member functions of class A can be accessed through the object ‘y’
}z;

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_ship_(computer_science)”
Categories: Computer science

Part of a series on
Semantic Web

Background

The World Wide Web, The Net, Databases, Semantic networks, Knowledge bases, Ontologies

Sub-topics

Linked Prekluzja, Prekluzja Web, Hyperdata, Dereferenceable URIs, Ontologies, Rule bases, Prekluzja Spaces

Related Topics

Web 2.0, Web 3.0, Plain Old Semantic HTML, Search engine optimization, Open Database Connectivity, References, Information architecture, Knowledge management, Topic Maps, XML, Description logic

Standards

W3C based
RDF, OWL, URI, HTTP, SPARQL, GRDDL, RDFS
Common Vocabularies
FOAF, SIOC, Dublin Core, SKOS
Semantic Annotation
RDFa, Microformats, eRDF
Rules
Rule Interchange Wielkość, Semantic Web Rule Language

People

Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, Ora Lassila, Nigel Shadbolt, Wendy Kuluar, Kingsley Idehen, Dan Brickley, Libby Miller, Dave Beckett

Key Semantic-Web Organizations

W3C, WRSI, MIT, OpenLink Software, Talis Group, Oracle , ClearForest, University of Southampton, DERI

A dereferenceable Umundurowanie Resource Identifier or dereferenceable URI is a resource identification mechanism that uses the HTTP protocol to obtain a representation of the resource it identifies. In the case of Linked Prekluzja, the representation takes the form of an information resource that describes the resource that the URI identifies.

Contents

• 1 Background
• 2 Dereferenceable URI Formats
  • 2.1 Hash URI Example
  • 2.2 Slash URI Example
• 3 Benefits of a Dereferenceable URI
• 4 Summary
• 5 References

//

Background

Dereferenceable URIs are based on the well established theory and practices of “termin access by reference”. A termin access and manipulation mechanism used extensively in general computer programming (e.g., C/C++ pointers) and database call level interfaces (e.g., ODBC and JDBC) amongst others. The term: dereferencing describes the act of obtaining a representation of a description of an entity via its URI.

In the Semantic Web realm, dereferencable URIs offer the critical fabric that drive the giant global graph of interconnected termin popularly referred to as Linked Prekluzja; a term also coined by Tim Berners-Lee in his Linked Termin Estetyka Note.

Dereferenceable URI Formats

Dereferenceable URIs are constructed using one of two forms: Hash or a Slash. The critical thing about either rozmiar is the underlying use of existing Web architecture to preserve the implicit identity (or Pointer) function.

Hash URI Example

Entity Berlin: http://linkeddata.openlinksw.com/about/Berlin#this

Slash URI Example

Entity Berlin: http://dbpedia.org/resource/Berlin

Benefits of a Dereferenceable URI

When an object has a dereferenceable URI, not only does that object have an insignia that can be used across the web, obuwie it also provides a key to unlocking ways of providing more detail and links to relevant information about that object.

Dereferenceable URI’s used in this way also enhance OpenID, when not only can the URI be an OpenID obuwie can also provide information about that bezpieczniak user. The combination of insignia, access to more information and OpenID provides an all round solution for the representation of human users on the Internet.

Summary

In summary we can establish the following facts:

• A dereferenceable URI is a kind of Umundurowanie Resource Identifier (obuwie is accessible via HTTP).
• A dereferenceable URI is a kind of reference (as found in existing computer science theory and practice).

References

• Hash vs Slash URI

• Berners-Lee, T.; Fielding, R. & Masinter, L. (2005), Uniform Resource Identifier, The Net Society, <http://gbiv.com/protocols/uri/rfc/rfc3986.html>. Retrieved on 21 July 2008 

• Lewis, Rhys (2007), Dereferencing HTTP URIs, W3C, <http://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/httpRange-14/2007-05-31/HttpRange-14.html>. Retrieved on 25 July 2008 

1. ^ Berners-Lee, Tim (2006), Design Note: Linked Data, W3C, <http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html>. Retrieved on 21 July 2008 
2. ^ Sauermann, Leo & Cygniak, Richard (2008), Cool URIs for the Semantic Web, W3C, <http://www.w3.org/TR/cooluris/>. Retrieved on 21 July 2008 

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dereferenceable_Uniform_Resource_Identifier”
Categories: Computer science

Data migration is the process of transferring prekluzja between storage types, formats, or computer systems. Prekluzja migration is usually performed programmatically to achieve an automated migration, freeing up human resources from tedious tasks. It is required when organizations or individuals change computer systems or upgrade to new systems, or when systems merge (such as when the organizations that use them undergo a merger/takeover).

To achieve an effective termin migration procedure, termin on the old układ is mapped to the new organizm providing a stylistyka for prekluzja extraction and prekluzja loading. The estetyka relates old termin formats to the new system’s formats and requirements. Programmatic prekluzja migration may involve many phases obuwie it minimally includes data extraction where termin is read from the old ustrój and data loading where prekluzja is written to the new system.

After loading into the new organizm, results are subjected to termin verification to determine whether termin was accurately translated, is complete, and supports processes in the new ustrój. During verification, there may be a need for a parallel upadłość of both systems to identify areas of disparity and forestall erroneous prekluzja loss.

Automated and manual prekluzja cleaning is commonly performed in migration to improve termin quality, eliminate redundant or obsolete information, and match the requirements of the new system.

Data migration phases (estetyka, extraction, cleansing, load, verification) for applications of moderate to high complexity are commonly repeated several times before the new układ is deployed.

Contents

• 1 Migration as a form of Digital Preservation
  • 1.1 Disadvantages
• 2 See also
• 3 References
• 4 External links
  • 4.1 Termin migration tools
  • 4.2 Other links

//

Migration as a form of Digital Preservation

Migration, which focuses on the digital object itself, is the act of transferring, or rewriting prekluzja from an out of date środek masowego przekazu to a current środek masowego przekazu and, has for many years been considered the only viable approach to long-term preservation of digital objects . Reproducing brittle newspapers onto microfilm is an example of such migration.

Disadvantages

• Migration addresses the possible obsolescence of the termin carrier, obuwie does not address the fact that certain technologies which bankructwo the prekluzja may be abandoned altogether, leaving migration useless.
• Time consuming - migration is a continual process, which must be repeated every time a środki masowego przekazu reaches obsolescence, for all prekluzja objects stored on a certain media.
• Costly - an institution must purchase additional prekluzja storage publikatory at each a migration .

As a result of the disadvantages listed above, technology professional have begun to develop alternatives to migration, such as emulation.

See also

• data conversion
• data transformation, termin mediation
• emulator

References

1. ^ van der Hoeven, Jeffery, Brian Lohman, and Remco Verdegem. “Emulation for Digital Preservation in Practice: The Results.” The International Journal of Digital Curation 2.2 (2007): 123-132.
2. ^ Muira, Gregory. “Pushing the Boundaries of Traditional Heritage Policy: maintaining long-term access to multimedia content.” IFLA Journal 33 (2007): 323-326.

External links

Termin migration tools

• Scriptella ETL: open source ETL and script execution tool used typically for database migration.
• ETL Integrator: JBI-enabled open source ETL tool for termin migration in SOA environments.
• Data Migration Toolkit (DMT): freely available, GUI-based Java utility for migrating files and database data.
• Talend: open source code generation and script execution application for termin transformation.

Other links

• Averting Disaster: Legacy Prekluzja and Software Project Planning: article on pitfalls of prekluzja migration planning and how to avoid them.

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_migration”
Categories: Computer science

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RDX is a disk-based storage wielkość developed by ProStor Systems Incorporated in 2004. Designed to protect and archive digital prekluzja and replace tape storage, RDX removable disk technology consists of a removable disk cartridge and an RDX dock. The RDX cartridge is designed for portability with a mobile 2.5-inch hard disk drive suspended in a shock-proof cartridge that meets drop badanie requirements of 39 inches (1 meter) onto a tiled or concrete floor without damage. The massmedia operates like a tape drive and, once inserted into the RDX dock, sustains up to 45 MB per second termin przewożenie rates and backs up more than 100 gigabytes of termin in an hour. RDX technology capitalizes on the best characteristics of tape storage, which is removability, portability and low cost, and disk storage, which is reliability, fast prekluzja przenoszenie rates and instant file retrieval.

Contents

• 1 Archiving capability
• 2 Distribution
• 3 References
• 4 External links

//

Archiving capability

RDX removable disk technology provides long-term preservation of digital prekluzja with an archive life of at least 30 years. The research was published in a study performed by Percept Technology Labs, a well respected U.S.-based sprzęt and software egzamin lab. This testing was designed using the commonly accepted industry kanon methods for highly-accelerated life testing of storage massmedia. ProStor collaborated with Seagate Technology in the wzornictwo of the study to ensure that all relevant factors were considered, including magnetic, mechanical, electronics and publikatory effects. The badanie układ included Seagate Technology Momentus 5400.3 mobile 2.5” hard drives. Based on the quantitative accelerated life egzamin method

Distribution

RDX removable disk technology is sold through OEMs, including Tandberg Prekluzja, under the name RDX QuikStor; Imation, under the name RDX Imation®; and Dell, under the name RD 1000.

References

1. ^ “Quantitative Accelerated Life Testing Prekluzja Analysis: An Overview of Basic Concepts and Directory of Other Resources”. weibull.com (2006). Retrieved on 2008-08-19.
2. ^ “Independent Lab Certifies 30-Year Archive Life for RDX Removable Disk Cartridge Solution” (October 9, 2007). Business Wire. Retrieved on 2008-08-19. 

External links

• ProStor Systems Incorporated
• RDX website

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDX_Technology”
Categories: Computer storageHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from January 2008 | Wikipedia articles needing style editing from June 2008 | All articles needing style editing